Quran Verses about Migration (hijrah)
Allah rebukes those who refuse to emigrate from a land of disbelief where they cannot practise their faith, except the truly helpless, and promises those who emigrate in His way a spacious refuge, good provision, forgiveness and a greater reward in the Hereafter. The verses praise the Muhajirun and the Ansar who supported them, and mention the Prophet's emigration with Abu Bakr and the emigration of Ibrahim.
The command to emigrate, and the rebuke of those who refuse
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَفَّىٰهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ ظَالِمِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ قَالُواْ فِيمَ كُنتُمۡۖ قَالُواْ كُنَّا مُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ تَكُنۡ أَرۡضُ ٱللَّهِ وَٰسِعَةٗ فَتُهَاجِرُواْ فِيهَاۚ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَسَآءَتۡ مَصِيرًا ٩٧
Innal-ladhīna tawaffāhumul-malāʾikatu ẓālimī anfusihim qālū fīma kuntum, qālū kunnā mustaḍʿafīna fil-arḍ, qālū alam takun arḍullāhi wāsiʿatan fatuhājirū fīhā, fa ulāʾika maʾwāhum jahannam, wa sāʾat maṣīrā.
Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves1 - [the angels] will say, "In what [condition] were you?" They will say, "We were oppressed in the land." They [the angels] will say, "Was not the earth of Allāh spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination.
Footnotes (1)
- By preferring to remain among the disbelievers, although they have the means to emigrate, in an environment where a Muslim is unable to practice his religion freely.
إِلَّا ٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ لَا يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةٗ وَلَا يَهۡتَدُونَ سَبِيلٗا ٩٨
Illal-mustaḍʿafīna minar-rijāli wan-nisāʾi wal-wildāni lā yastaṭīʿūna ḥīlataw wa lā yahtadūna sabīlā.
Except for the oppressed among men, women and children who cannot devise a plan nor are they directed to a way1 -
Footnotes (1)
- They are prevented by circumstances beyond their control.
فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَعۡفُوَ عَنۡهُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَفُوًّا غَفُورٗا ٩٩
Fa ulāʾika ʿasallāhu ay yaʿfuwa ʿanhum, wa kānallāhu ʿafuwwan ghafūrā.
For those it is expected that Allāh will pardon them, and Allāh is ever Pardoning1 and Forgiving.
Footnotes (1)
- Refer to footnote in 4:43.
۞ وَمَن يُهَاجِرۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يَجِدۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُرَٰغَمٗا كَثِيرٗا وَسَعَةٗۚ وَمَن يَخۡرُجۡ مِنۢ بَيۡتِهِۦ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ثُمَّ يُدۡرِكۡهُ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ فَقَدۡ وَقَعَ أَجۡرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا ١٠٠
Wa may yuhājir fī sabīlillāhi yajid fil-arḍi murāghaman kathīraw wasaʿah, wa may yakhruj mim baytihī muhājiran ilallāhi wa rasūlihī thumma yudrikhul-mawtu faqad waqaʿa ajruhū ʿalallāh, wa kānallāhu ghafūrar raḥīmā.
And whoever emigrates for the cause of Allāh will find on the earth many [alternative] locations and abundance. And whoever leaves his home as an emigrant to Allāh and His Messenger and then death overtakes him - his reward has already become incumbent upon Allāh. And Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful.
يَٰعِبَادِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّ أَرۡضِي وَٰسِعَةٞ فَإِيَّٰيَ فَٱعۡبُدُونِ ٥٦
Yāʿibādiyal-ladhīna āmanū inna arḍī wāsiʿatun fa iyyāya faʿbudūn.
O My servants who have believed, indeed My earth is spacious, so worship only Me.
قُلۡ يَٰعِبَادِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ رَبَّكُمۡۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا حَسَنَةٞۗ وَأَرۡضُ ٱللَّهِ وَٰسِعَةٌۗ إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى ٱلصَّٰبِرُونَ أَجۡرَهُم بِغَيۡرِ حِسَابٖ ١٠
Qul yāʿibādil-ladhīna āmanuttaqū rabbakum, lil-ladhīna aḥsanū fī hādhihid-dunyā ḥasanah, wa arḍullāhi wāsiʿah, innamā yuwaffaṣ-ṣābirūna ajrahum bighayri ḥisāb.
Say,1 "O My servants who have believed, fear your Lord. For those who do good in this world is good, and the earth of Allāh is spacious. Indeed, the patient will be given their reward without account [i.e., limit]."
Footnotes (1)
- The Prophet (ﷺ) is instructed to say on behalf of Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) to His believing servants.
The merit and reward of those who emigrate
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يَرۡجُونَ رَحۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٢١٨
Innal-ladhīna āmanū wal-ladhīna hājarū wa jāhadū fī sabīlillāhi ulāʾika yarjūna raḥmatallāh, wallāhu ghafūrur raḥīm.
Indeed, those who have believed and those who have emigrated and fought in the cause of Allāh - those expect the mercy of Allāh. And Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
فَٱسۡتَجَابَ لَهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ أَنِّي لَآ أُضِيعُ عَمَلَ عَٰمِلٖ مِّنكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوۡ أُنثَىٰۖ بَعۡضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡضٖۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ وَأُخۡرِجُواْ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمۡ وَأُوذُواْ فِي سَبِيلِي وَقَٰتَلُواْ وَقُتِلُواْ لَأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنۡهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمۡ وَلَأُدۡخِلَنَّهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ ثَوَابٗا مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَٱللَّهُ عِندَهُۥ حُسۡنُ ٱلثَّوَابِ ١٩٥
Fastajāba lahum rabbuhum annī lā uḍīʿu ʿamala ʿāmilim minkum min dhakarin aw unthā, baʿḍukum mim baʿḍ, fal-ladhīna hājarū wa ukhrijū min diyārihim wa ūdhū fī sabīlī wa qātalū wa qutilū laʾukaffiranna ʿanhum sayyiʾātihim wa laʾudkhilannahum jannātin tajrī min taḥtihal-anhāru thawābam min ʿindillāh, wallāhu ʿindahū ḥusnuth-thawāb.
And their Lord responded to them, "Never will I allow to be lost the work of [any] worker among you, whether male or female; you are of one another. So those who emigrated or were evicted from their homes or were harmed in My cause or fought or were killed - I will surely remove from them their misdeeds, and I will surely admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow as reward from Allāh, and Allāh has with Him the best reward."
ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ أَعۡظَمُ دَرَجَةً عِندَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ ٢٠
Al-ladhīna āmanū wa hājarū wa jāhadū fī sabīlillāhi biʾamwālihim wa anfusihim aʿẓamu darajatan ʿindallāh, wa ulāʾika humul-fāʾizūn.
The ones who have believed, emigrated and striven in the cause of Allāh with their wealth and their lives are greater in rank in the sight of Allāh. And it is those who are the attainers [of success].
وَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ فِي ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا ظُلِمُواْ لَنُبَوِّئَنَّهُمۡ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا حَسَنَةٗۖ وَلَأَجۡرُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ أَكۡبَرُۚ لَوۡ كَانُواْ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٤١
Wal-ladhīna hājarū fillāhi mim baʿdi mā ẓulimū lanubawwiʾannahum fid-dunyā ḥasanah, wa laʾajrul-ākhirati akbar, law kānū yaʿlamūn.
And those who emigrated for [the cause of] Allāh after they had been wronged - We will surely settle them in this world in a good place; but the reward of the Hereafter is greater, if only they could know.
ٱلَّذِينَ صَبَرُواْ وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمۡ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ ٤٢
Al-ladhīna ṣabarū wa ʿalā rabbihim yatawakkalūn.
[They are] those who endured patiently and upon their Lord relied.
ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لِلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا فُتِنُواْ ثُمَّ جَٰهَدُواْ وَصَبَرُوٓاْ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهَا لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١١٠
Thumma inna rabbaka lil-ladhīna hājarū mim baʿdi mā futinū thumma jāhadū wa ṣabarū inna rabbaka mim baʿdihā laghafūrur raḥīm.
Then, indeed your Lord, to those who emigrated after they had been compelled [to say words of disbelief] and thereafter fought [for the cause of Allāh] and were patient - indeed, your Lord, after that, is Forgiving and Merciful
وَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ قُتِلُوٓاْ أَوۡ مَاتُواْ لَيَرۡزُقَنَّهُمُ ٱللَّهُ رِزۡقًا حَسَنٗاۚ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ ٥٨
Wal-ladhīna hājarū fī sabīlillāhi thumma qutilū aw mātū layarzuqannahumullāhu rizqan ḥasanā, wa innallāha lahuwa khayrur-rāziqīn.
And those who emigrated for the cause of Allāh and then were killed or died - Allāh will surely provide for them a good provision. And indeed, it is Allāh who is the best of providers.
لَيُدۡخِلَنَّهُم مُّدۡخَلٗا يَرۡضَوۡنَهُۥۚ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٞ ٥٩
Layudkhilannahum mudkhalay yarḍawnah, wa innallāha laʿalīmun ḥalīm.
He will surely cause them to enter an entrance with which they will be pleased, and indeed, Allāh is Knowing and Forbearing.
The Muhajirun and the Ansar
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمۡ يُهَاجِرُواْ مَا لَكُم مِّن وَلَٰيَتِهِم مِّن شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْۚ وَإِنِ ٱسۡتَنصَرُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ فَعَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ٧٢
Innal-ladhīna āmanū wa hājarū wa jāhadū biʾamwālihim wa anfusihim fī sabīlillāhi wal-ladhīna āwaw wa naṣarū ulāʾika baʿḍuhum awliyāʾu baʿḍ, wal-ladhīna āmanū wa lam yuhājirū mā lakum miw walāyatihim min shayʾin ḥattā yuhājirū, wa inistanṣarūkum fid-dīni faʿalaykumun-naṣru illā ʿalā qawmim baynakum wa baynahum mīthāq, wallāhu bimā taʿmalūna baṣīr.
Indeed, those who have believed and emigrated and fought with their wealth and lives in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - they are allies of one another. But those who believed and did not emigrate - for you there is no support of them until they emigrate. And if they seek help of you for the religion, then you must help, except against a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty. And Allāh is Seeing of what you do.
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ حَقّٗاۚ لَّهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٧٤
Wal-ladhīna āmanū wa hājarū wa jāhadū fī sabīlillāhi wal-ladhīna āwaw wa naṣarū ulāʾika humul-muʾminūna ḥaqqā, lahum maghfiratuw wa rizqun karīm.
But those who have believed and emigrated and fought in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - it is they who are the believers, truly. For them is forgiveness and noble provision.
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدُ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ مَعَكُمۡ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَأُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلَىٰ بِبَعۡضٖ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ ٧٥
Wal-ladhīna āmanū mim baʿdu wa hājarū wa jāhadū maʿakum fa ulāʾika minkum, wa ulul-arḥāmi baʿḍuhum awlā bibaʿḍin fī kitābillāh, innallāha bikulli shayʾin ʿalīm.
And those who believed after [the initial emigration] and emigrated and fought with you - they are of you. But those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allāh.1 Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of all things.
Footnotes (1)
- This applies to Muslim relatives only. Others may be given by bequest. See 4:11.
وَٱلسَّٰبِقُونَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُهَٰجِرِينَ وَٱلۡأَنصَارِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّبَعُوهُم بِإِحۡسَٰنٖ رَّضِيَ ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَرَضُواْ عَنۡهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي تَحۡتَهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ١٠٠
Was-sābiqūnal-awwalūna minal-muhājirīna wal-anṣāri wal-ladhīnattabaʿūhum biʾiḥsānir raḍiyallāhu ʿanhum wa raḍū ʿanhu wa aʿadda lahum jannātin tajrī taḥtahal-anhāru khālidīna fīhā abadā, dhālikal-fawzul-ʿaẓīm.
And the first forerunners [in the faith] among the Muhājireen1 and the Anṣār2 and those who followed them with good conduct - Allāh is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him, and He has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. That is the great attainment.
Footnotes (2)
- Those who emigrated from Makkah and settled in Madīnah for the cause of Islām.
- The inhabitants of Madīnah who had accepted Islām and assisted the Prophet (ﷺ) and other emigrants upon their arrival there.
لِلۡفُقَرَآءِ ٱلۡمُهَٰجِرِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُخۡرِجُواْ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمۡ وَأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ يَبۡتَغُونَ فَضۡلٗا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضۡوَٰنٗا وَيَنصُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلصَّٰدِقُونَ ٨
Lil-fuqarāʾil-muhājirīnal-ladhīna ukhrijū min diyārihim wa amwālihim yabtaghūna faḍlam minallāhi wa riḍwānaw wa yanṣurūnallāha wa rasūlah, ulāʾika humuṣ-ṣādiqūn.
For the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their properties, seeking bounty from Allāh and [His] approval and supporting [the cause of] Allāh and His Messenger, [there is also a share]. Those are the truthful.
وَٱلَّذِينَ تَبَوَّءُو ٱلدَّارَ وَٱلۡإِيمَٰنَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ يُحِبُّونَ مَنۡ هَاجَرَ إِلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ فِي صُدُورِهِمۡ حَاجَةٗ مِّمَّآ أُوتُواْ وَيُؤۡثِرُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ وَلَوۡ كَانَ بِهِمۡ خَصَاصَةٞۚ وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفۡسِهِۦ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٩
Wal-ladhīna tabawwaʾud-dāra wal-īmāna min qablihim yuḥibbūna man hājara ilayhim wa lā yajidūna fī ṣudūrihim ḥājatam mimmā ūtū wa yuʾthirūna ʿalā anfusihim wa law kāna bihim khaṣāṣah, wa may yūqa shuḥḥa nafsihī fa ulāʾika humul-mufliḥūn.
And [also for] those who were settled in the Home [i.e.,al-Madīnah] and [adopted] the faith before them.1 They love those who emigrated to them and find not any want in their breasts of what they [i.e., the emigrants] were given but give [them] preference over themselves, even though they are in privation. And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his soul - it is those who will be the successful.
Footnotes (1)
- Before the settlement of the emigrants (Muhājireen) among the Anṣār, for whom a share is delegated as well.
The emigration of the Prophet Muhammad and of Ibrahim
إِلَّا تَنصُرُوهُ فَقَدۡ نَصَرَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِذۡ أَخۡرَجَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ثَانِيَ ٱثۡنَيۡنِ إِذۡ هُمَا فِي ٱلۡغَارِ إِذۡ يَقُولُ لِصَٰحِبِهِۦ لَا تَحۡزَنۡ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَنَاۖ فَأَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُۥ عَلَيۡهِ وَأَيَّدَهُۥ بِجُنُودٖ لَّمۡ تَرَوۡهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلسُّفۡلَىٰۗ وَكَلِمَةُ ٱللَّهِ هِيَ ٱلۡعُلۡيَاۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ ٤٠
Illā tanṣurūhu faqad naṣarahullāhu idh akhrajahul-ladhīna kafarū thāniyathnayni idh humā fil-ghāri idh yaqūlu liṣāḥibihī lā taḥzan innallāha maʿanā, fa anzalallāhu sakīnatahū ʿalayhi wa ayyadahū bijunūdil lam tarawhā wa jaʿala kalimatal-ladhīna kafarus-suflā, wa kalimatullāhi hiyal-ʿulyā, wallāhu ʿazīzun ḥakīm.
If you do not aid him [i.e., the Prophet (ﷺ)] - Allāh has already aided him when those who disbelieved had driven him out [of Makkah] as one of two,1 when they were in the cave and he [i.e., Muḥammad (ﷺ)] said to his companion, "Do not grieve; indeed Allāh is with us." And Allāh sent down His tranquility upon him and supported him with soldiers [i.e., angels] you did not see and made the word2 of those who disbelieved the lowest,3 while the word of Allāh4 - that is the highest. And Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
Footnotes (4)
- The second was his companion, Abū Bakr.
- i.e., their claims and slogans.
- i.e., degraded and dishonored.
- "Lā ilāha ill-Allāh" ("There is no deity except Allāh").
۞ فَـَٔامَنَ لَهُۥ لُوطٞۘ وَقَالَ إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ إِلَىٰ رَبِّيٓۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٦
Fa āmana lahū lūṭ, wa qāla innī muhājirun ilā rabbī, innahū huwal-ʿazīzul-ḥakīm.
And Lot believed him. [Abraham] said, "Indeed, I will emigrate to [the service of] my Lord. Indeed, He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise."
وَقَالَ إِنِّي ذَاهِبٌ إِلَىٰ رَبِّي سَيَهۡدِينِ ٩٩
Wa qāla innī dhāhibun ilā rabbī sayahdīn.
And [then] he said, "Indeed, I will go to [where I am ordered by] my Lord; He will guide me.